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Atalanta is launched, Jones and Labonne report

(B2) Pour une fois, les uniformes bleus et dorés de la Marine avaient pris le pas sur les blazer gris ou costumes sombres des diplomates et des ministres , dans la salle de presse du Justus Lipsius du Conseil de l’Union européenne.

Credit: Council of the EU

Ce mardi, le “rear-admiral” Philip Jones (vice amiral en français), et son adjoint le contre-amiral français Jean-Pierre Labonne (*), étaient venus expliquer à la presse européenne (et internationale : nos confrères asiatiques et arabes étaient particulièrement présents), les dernières arcanes du dispositif mis en place par l’Union européenne contre les pirates au large de la Somalie.

The deployment plan corresponds roughly to the one announced on this blog. But several interesting clarifications were made by the two men who, apparently, complement each other wonderfully.

“He is the pasha, I am the second” m’a expliqué Jean-Pierre Labonne. « But like in a boat, we are interchangeable. We work on the same files all the time. »

Operational issues

Deterrence and if necessary repression

The priority mission of “EUNavfor Atalanta” will be to provide support for the World Food Program (WFP) ships that are delivering humanitarian aid to Somalia. A task hitherto carried out by States, individually (the Netherlands last). From now on, it will be the work of Eunavfor (and not of NATO as it has indicated). Then, it will be a matter of ensuring the safety of merchant and fishing vessels, " the most vulnerable ". Of course, Admiral Jones acknowledged, " we cannot claim, with a few ships to eradicate piracy. But we will make a useful contribution to the fight against the phenomenon ". Our goal is the " deterrence and if necessary repression Jones clarified. " We will put pressure on the pirates, disrupt them » a ajouté – dans un aparté que nous avons eu – l’amiral Labonne.

Strengths present

La ‘génération de forces’ est toujours en cours. Et on ne sait pas encore parfaitement le dispositif. Ce qui semble sûr c’est qu’une dizaine d’États membres qui participeront tout au long de l’opération, avec un relais tous les quatre mois. Avec six bateaux en rythme de croisière et deux avions patrouilleurs dans la première période.  (voir device). Une seule nouveauté : l’Italie qui semble vouloir désormais participer pour toute la durée de l’opération avec une frégate mise à disposition en janvier.

Sufficient means

« 6 bateaux, 2-3 avions c’est suffisant pour assurer toutes nos tâches, faire une contribution utile à la lutte contre la piraterie » Jones said. " Mais clairement, plus nous avons de bateaux, mieux c’est. »

Coordination with other forces in the area

The work will be done in close coordination with the other forces present in the area, such as the anti-terrorist coalition, whose HQ is in Bahrain (US Navy) or NATO - which has a " maritime standing force (SNMG) in the area. " We will share information, intelligence on hacker activity Jones considered.

La participation d’États tiers

La participation d’autres pays n’est pas encore vraiment fixée. « They are welcome » a assuré le contre-amiral. Faisant référence expressément au “Japon” suite à la question d’un journaliste… japonais. Mais « it is also a political question he clarified. If several States (USA, Russia, India, South Korea, Egypt, Ukraine) have boats in the area or have announced their intention to send them, none has however formally made an offer to integrate the European force.

Legal issues

Arrests and prosecutions

EU ships will be able to pursue and arrest pirates on the high seas – as permitted by international law – in Somalia's territorial waters – as permitted by UN Resolution (1846 last) – as well as in certain third States which have consented to it: Djibouti has already given its consent (which must still be formalized). Other agreements are under negotiation, notably with Kenya.

On earth ? " This is another thing ". The " mandate of my operation was not extended to this mission ». Il faut une autorisation de l’Onu ou de l’État membre. Et l’Onu a seulement « autorisé l’accès aux eaux territoriales de la Somalie ».

Issues under discussion

The question of the applicable law, the possibilities of arrest, detention and transfer for judgment in an EU Member State remain as delicate as ever. The principle is clear, according to international law – recalled Rear Admiral Labonne “ The law which applies is that of the flag of the first State which seizes the pirate. At EU level, only 4 states (Germany, Sweden, Finland, Netherlands) can exercise this possibility automatically. »

Other States – such as France – have the possibility of translating pirates if the interest of a national (sailor, boat) is in question. " If the pirate cannot be transferred to an EU country clarified Labonne, “ we will do it to the riparian countries (country of origin of the pirates). But no transfer by the EU will be made to a State without having the formal guarantee that the death penalty will not be applied to the pirate or that he will suffer inhuman or degrading treatment. “Clearly this excludes any transfer to Somalia, concedes a diplomat, given the state of decay of the country.

Transfer rule

Il n’y pas de règle prédéterminée. Car il y a une multitude de cas. « We have a principle of doing case by case said Jones. " Cela dépend où se passe action (haute mer, eaux territoriales), quel est le pavillon du bateau concerné, la nationalité de l’armateur, des pirates, etc. » And to add: " We have defined a common approach for all our ships but the answer cannot be the same in all cases”. “We will apply the rule which appears to us to be the best in the event of a transfer »

Police and magistrates

« For the moment, there are no plans to embark police or magistrates on board warships Jones clarified. " But judges and police may be present upon arrival on land to complete all instruction and transfer procedures. And to add: The United Nations convention imposes the arrest of pirates. And all EU boats are mandated to do so. I do not believe that a State escapes its obligations ».

(Nicolas Gros-Verheyde)

(*) Les Britanniques ont un grade de plus, le « commodore », que les Français. Du coup, le « rear admiral » britannique correspond davantage à un « vice-amiral » français qu’à un contre-amiral (grade qui lui est inférieur). Ce qui explique qu’on voit tantôt Philip Jones affublé du grade de “vice-amiral” ou de “contre-amiral”. Même Javier Solana en a perdu son latin. Puisque le premier communiqué de presse du Conseil annonçait la nomination du vice-amiral Jones. Le communiqué étant rédigé au départ en français. Il avait été traduit ensuite en anglais comme “vice-admiral”. Et Jones était ainsi monté en grade “par la faute” de l’Europe. Bizarrement, les tabloïds britanniques si enclins à chercher des poux dans la tête de l’Europe à la moindre incartade n’ont rien dit contre cette “ingérence sauvage” et ce “déni de souveraineté” comme ils en ont l’habitude… 🙂

Nicolas Gros Verheyde

Chief editor of the B2 site. Graduated in European law from the University of Paris I Pantheon Sorbonne and listener to the 65th session of the IHEDN (Institut des Hautes Etudes de la Défense Nationale. Journalist since 1989, founded B2 - Bruxelles2 in 2008. EU/NATO correspondent in Brussels for Sud-Ouest (previously West-France and France-Soir).